Loom.



No. 803,511. PATENTED OCT. 31; 1905. 0. W. SCHAUM.

LOOM.

APPLIOA'HOI FILED JAN. 31.1904.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

5141x114 foz UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

LOOM.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Oct. 31, 1905.

Original application filed October 5, 1903, Serial No. 175,779. Dividedand this application filed January 21, 1904. $erial No. 189,961.

To (all whom it m rty concern.-

Be it known that I, OTTO W. SoHAUM, a citizen of the United States,residing in the city of Philadelphia, county of Philadelphia, State ofPennsylvania, have invented certain new and useful Improvements inLooms, of which I the following is a specification.

The invention to be hereinafter described relates to looms, and moreparticularly to that general type wherein two 'or more banks of shuttlesare employed in the production of figures or patterns on a widefabricas, for instance, in that class of such devices known asswivel-looms. In this class of looms it is desirable that any one of theseveral banks of shuttles be readily brought to position with respect tothe open shed, so that the yarn or thread carried by such bank ofshuttles may be properly woven in the fabric, and it is equallydesirable that such bank of shuttles be either retained in said positionfor a number of picks or successively changed for another bank under thedictates of the figure desired.

With these generally-stated characteristics in view the object ofthe'present invention is to provide means whereby any one of a pluralnumber of shuttle-banks may be selectively brought into operativeposition with respect to the shed formation to have the yarns or threadscarried thereby incorporated into the fabric for one or a plural numberof picks or be successively changed at each pick, as desired, themovement of the banks of shuttles being controlled by patternmechanisms, preferably in the form of a jacquard; and the inventionconsists of the parts and combinations to be hereinafter described, anddefinitely pointed out in the claims.

Figure 1 is a side elevation of a loom, showing my improvements inconnection with the cooperating mechanisms indicated in my Patent No.786,237, dated March 28, 1905. Figs.

2 and 3 are enlarged views showing more clearly my improved indicator orreversing mechanism; and Figs. 4 and 5 and Fig. 6 are detail views ofparts thereof.

Upon the lathe or batten beam 1 is carried, as shown, two banks ofshuttles 2 2, guided, as usual, in properly-spaced ways or races formedby suitable shuttle-carrying blocks 3 3, which blocks are provided, asusual, with pinions engaging the shuttles. These pinions are alsoarranged in engagement with laterally-slidable racks 5 5, mounted intransverse beams 6 6, theproperly-timed movements of each of which rackseffect the throwing of the engaging bank of shuttles across thewarp-threads extending between the laterally-spaced series ofcarrying-blocks. The vertically-spaced transverse beams 6 6, togetherwith the intervening shuttle-carrying blocks 3 3, are rigidly connectedby vertical bars 7 7 and are movably secured to rigid upward extensions8 on the batten-frame, so as to be capable of vertical movement relativeto the latter suflicient to bring one or other of the several banks ofshuttles into the plane of the sheds formed, as usual,in thewarp-threads between the shuttle-carrying blocks. The batten-beam 1 alsocarries a rigidly-secured vertically-extending bracket 9, to the upperend of which is fastened, as shown, the usual marionette-frame 10 andshuttle-operating mechanism therein, acting upon the shuttleengagingracks 5 5. Guide-standards 11 11, rising from the rigidly-united beams 66, carry at their upper ends, as shown, a pair of pulleys 12 12, overwhich pass the cords 13 13, by means of which the shuttle-operatingracks 5 5 are moved in one direction or the other, said cords passingover lower pulleys (not shown) and being connected with said racks, asusual. These movements are controlled as desired by the verticalmovement of the shuttle-carrying beams 6 6 in connection with across-head movable device 15, guided on a vertical rod 16 and arrangedto engage theusual pivoted fingers on the slide-rods in themarionettebox, to which the cords 13 are attached, as determined by theoperating mechanism for said cross-head.

The batten-beam 1 and the mechanisms carried thereby are mounted, asshown, upon carrying-links 17 17, adjustably pivoted at their lower ends18 to the frame of the machine and at their upper ends 20 to thebatten-brackets 21, substantially as indicated in Patent No. 497,824,issued to me May 23, 1892, and a parallel to-andfro movement is impartedthereto through approximately horizontal links 22 22, pivoted,respectively, to said batten-brackets 21 at 23 and to the upper portionof the vertical marionette-carrying brackets 9 at 24:, while the movablemarionette device 15 is automatically operated,as shown, through abell-crank 10, adjustably connected thereto by means of a rod 43 andsuitably oscillated from a crank-pin 46 on the wheel 27 through anadjustably-fixed crank-arm 45, all of which mechanism is more fullydescribed in my said patent.

The vertical movement of the shuttle-carrying beams 6 6 is effected, asindicated, by means of a bottom lift mechanism comprising liftingdevices 60, carried by the batten and operated by a chain connection 62,which passes over guide-pulleys 64 65 to a crankarm 66, fixed to a shaft6'7, mounted in the loom-frame. The required rocking movement istransmitted to this shaft 67 from the changemotion mechanism, thehorizontal lever of which is connected by a rod 68 to another crank-arm69, fixed to said shaft 67.

The change-motion shown for vertically adjusting the shuttle-racesthrough the bottom lift mechanism described is somewhat similar tomechanisms heretofore employed in loom construction, but is novel in theimproved relative arrangement of the parts, as well as in certaindetails. The motion is transmitted to the bellcranks 60, mounted on thebatten 1, through the horizontal lever 70, already referred to. Thislever and the connected change-motion is adapted, as shown in thedrawings, for two banks of shuttles, though capable of being modifiedwithout material change, so far asmy invention is concerned, to operateadditional banks, as heretofore. The lever 70 is pivoted at 71 to theframe 80, which carries the change-motion, and its inner end is pivotedat 72 to a vertical crankrod 88, the upper end of which is eccentricallyconnected at 89 to the vibrator crankgear 85. This crank-gear is carriedat 90 by a vertical vibrator-lever 86, the lower end of which is pivotedto the frame at a point 91 located approximately in a vertical tangentto the arc in which the pivotal connection 72 of lever 70 swings and asnear as convenient to this pivotal connection on which the crankrod 88turns, the effect of this arrangement being that this crank-rod and thecarryingarm 86 for the crank-gear are at all timesapproximately verticaland held practically in balance and that their crank-gear connectionsare swung equally by the shifting of the crank-gear, thereby avoidingany movement of the lever 70 by such shifting of the crankgear. Thecrank-gear is, as usual, arranged to be rotated about a half-turn inopposite directions to effect the required movement of the horizontallever 70, this being accomplished by means of a semicircular series ofmeshing gears 81, 82, 83, and 8 1, grouped around said crank-gear, whichlatter is arranged to be swung laterally into engagement with one orother of end gears 81 or 84: of said semicircular series. These endgears, as well as the crank-gear 85, are properly mutilated, as usual,in their engaging parts, so as to insure proper meshing for the 7required semirotation of said crank-gear in opposite directions by therespective end gears, a stop 92 being provided on the carrying-arm 86 topositively limit such rotation and the gears 81 or 8 1 being freelyrotatable during the interval between the lateral shifting of theswinging arm 86 and its attached crank-gear. A stop-lever 93 is swung bya spring 95 and by a cam 94 on gear 81 into or out of engagement withthe carrying-lever 86 to retain the crank-gear 85 in proper engagementwith gear 84: until it is desired to swing it laterally, as described.To retain the crankgear 85 in contact with the stop 92 when said gear isidle, I provide a spring 96, connected to a bell-crank 97, having an arm98 arranged to yieldingly press the crank-rod 88 in the requireddirection, said rod being otherwise nearly balanced in approximatelyvertical position. This shifting of the crank-gear 85 to effect therequired vertical movement of the shuttle-races is in my improvedconstruction effected by a novel indicator mechanism, the operation ofwhich is regulated by the jacquard or other pattern means in harmonywith the shedding mechanism and the shuttle movements described withoutthrowing the actual work of shifting upon the jacquardpattern and with asimplifying of the latter and of the general operation. This indicatormechanism comprises, as shown, a rocking lever 100, connected by a link101 to the vibrator crank-gear lever 86, and a star-shaped cam 102,arranged to engage said lever, and, in connection with the spring 95,attached to said vibrator-lever, as shown, operate the latter. This cam,which is provided with a concentric ratchet-wheel 104:, is mounted on ashaft 105 and is intermittently rotated by means of a pawl 106, pivotedat 107 to one arm of a pawl-carrying lever 108, pivotally mounted onsaid shaft 105 and regularly oscillated thereon by means of acrank-gear109, meshing, as shown, with the end gear 84 of the change-motion andadjustably connected by acrank-rod 110 to an arm 111 of saidpawlcarrying lever. The engagement of the pawl 106 with theratchet-wheel 10 1 of the cam will cause the latter to be turnedone-eighth of a revolution, as shown, for each oscillation of thepawl-carrying lever, the ratchet-wheel being provided with eight teethcorresponding with the alternate projections and recesses on theperiphery of thecam, while the disengagement of said pawl makes theoscillations of the lever inoperative. Thus the mere movement of thepawl into or out of engagement at proper times will control the movementof the cam and its connections to the carrying-arm 86 of thechange-motion, the actual operation of which is, however, effected bythe power mechanism of the loom through crank-gear 109. The jacquardmechanism is thus required only to operate the pawl 106,as required,andthis is accomplished, as shown, by connecting the wire 112 therefrom toone arm of a bell-crank113, the other arm of which has a yieldingconnection 114 to a pawl-engaging lever 115, upon which said pawl 106 issupported, so as to be moved into engagement with the cam ratchet-wheel104 or lowered out of engagement therewith by the pull upon or releaseof the jacquard wire or string 112.

It will be noticed that the pawl 106 when moved into or out ofengagement with the ratchet-wheel 104 may be retained in either positionduring as many picks of the loom as desired, thus permitting anindicated weaving operation to contin ue until a change is required anddispensing with a great number of the perforations in the pattern and ofthe indicator movements heretofore made thereby.

The cooperative arrangement of the several improvements embodied in thespecific construction shown and the advantages thereof have been alreadyclearly indicated in the foregoing description. lVIodifications may bereadily made without departing from the main features of the invention.

From the construction of the indicator mechanism described and itsadjunctive parts it will be seen that in operation the indicatorpawl 106has a riding-surface 106 which rests upon the jacquard-controlledindicatorlever 115, which is itself flexibly connected to the jacquardby means of the spring 114 and its end connection. Assuming the parts ofthe indicator mechanism to be in the position shown by Fig. 3, with theend of the arm 100 resting upon the riser of the cam 102 and theindicator-pawl held in engagement with the ratchet-teeth 104 by thejacquard-controlled indicator-lever 115, it will be seen that one bankof shuttles will be held with the shuttleraces in position toincorporate the threads of said bank of shuttles in the fabric. Shouldthe jacquard call for achange in the banks of shuttles, theindicator-lever 115 will be maintained in the position shown, whereuponthe pawl will move the cam 102 the distance of one tooth upon thefurther rotation of gear 109, thereby permitting the end of arm 100 tofall into a depression of said cam with a consequent operation of thevibrator-gear and shuttle-banks, as will be obvious. In this operationit will be noted the curved surface of the indicator-pawl 106 will rideupon the surface of the indicator-lever 115, the latter, whilemaintaining the pawl in engagement with the ratchet-teeth 104.,yieldingsufficiently by means of the flexible connection 114 to permit thisoperation. So long, therefore, as the jacquard maintains theindicator-lever 115 in this position the banks of shuttles will continueto be changed at each pick. Should it be desired to maintain the samebank of shuttles in operative position for a plurality of picks,however, the jacquard under the call of its pattern will permit theindicator-lever 115 to fall into the dotted-line position, Fig. 3,whereupon the engaging end of the pawl 106 will be moved out ofoperative relation with the ratchet-teeth 104 and the cam 102 willremain stationary. Thus it will be seen that scribed, having ajacquard-controlled indicator-lever determining the operative orinoperative condition of suchindicator mechanism, and consequentlyitsconnected parts,the banks of shuttles may be selectively brought to andreturned from operative position with respect to the shed formation ateach pick of the loom or the same bank of shuttles may be maintained insuch operative position for any desired number of picks according to thecharacter of figure desired to be produced.

I/Vhile I have described the details of one form my invention mayassume, it is to be understood that I do not regard the invention asrestricted thereto, as various details and types of mechanical devicesmay be substituted or employed within the scope of the presentinvention, and while I have described the invention in connection withswivel-looms it is also to be understood that it may also be employedwith other types of looms employing a series of shuttles.

For the purpose of identification I refer to the means for shifting orchanging the position of the banks of shuttles with respect to the layas the change-motion mechanism -and to the means for determingng theopera tion or inoperation of such change-motion mechanism as theindicator mechanism.

What I claim is 1. In a loom, a plurality of banks of shuttle-races,change-motion mechanism for moving the same, and an indicator mechanismfor controlling the operation of the change-motion mechanism, saidindicator mechanism comprising an intermittently-movable ele ment,continuously-operating means for moving said element, andpattern-controlled devices for rendering the continuously-operatingmeans functionally operative or inoperative for a number of picks.

2. In a loom, the combination of a plurality of shuttle-su pports, achange-motion mechanism for moving said supports to bring differentshuttles into operative position, and an-indicator mechanism to controlthe action and inaction of said change-motion mechanism, said indicatormechanism comprising an indi cator-cam, continuously-acting means foroperating said cam, and pattern-controlled devices for rendering saidcontinuously-acting means functionally operative or inoperative for anumber of picks.

3. In a loom, a plurality of banks of shuttie-races, change-motionmechanism for moving the same to bring a desired bank of shuttle-racesinto operative position, an indicator mechanism for controlling thechange-motion mechanism, said indicator mechanism comprising anintermittently-movable element,

vices engaging the continuously-operating means and rendering the samefunctionally op- -by the simple arrangement of indicator deerative orinoperative for a desired number of picks.

4:. In aloom, the combination with a changemotion mechanism, of anindicator mechanism therefor, comprising an indicator-cam, means fordetermining the action of the changemotion mechanism from said cam,continuously-moving devices for operating said cam, andpattern-controlled means for rendering said devices functionallyoperative or inoperative for a desired number of picks.

5. In a loom, the combination with changemotion mechanism, of anindicator mechanism therefor, comprising an indicator-cam. a ratchet anda continuously-moving pawl for operating said cam, a jacquard-controlledindicator-lever for determining the operative relation between theratchet and pawl, and yielding sustaining means for said indicator-leverfor enabling the said lever to maintain the operative relation betweenthe pawl and ratchet for a plural number of picks.

6. In a loom, the combination with changemotion mechanism, ofanindicator mechanism therefor, comprising an indicator-cam, a

ratchet and pawl for operating said cam,means for continuously operatingsaid pawl, a jacquard-controlled indicator-lever for determining theoperative relation between the ratchet and pawl, and yielding sustainingmeans for said indicator-lever for enabling the said lever to maintainthe operative relation between the pawl and ratchet for a pluralnumberof picks.

7. In aloom,the combination With a changemotion mechanism, of anindicator mechanism therefor, comprising an indicator-cam, provided witha ratchetwheel, a con tinuouslymoving pawl for operating theratchet-Wheel and cam, and a jacquard-controlled indicatorlever fordetermining the operative and inoperative relation between the ratchetand pawl that the change-motion mechanism may be operated at each pickor maintained stationary for a plurality of picks.

In testimony whereof I aifix my signature in the presence of twoWitnesses.

OTTO WV. SCHAUM. Vitnesses:

E. C. RHoADs, JOHN THIEL.

